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ALLEN'S CREEK
The furnace at Allen's Creek (Rupertown)
The following account
was prepared by R. C. Spann,
Lewis County, whose father worked in the Colans (woods where timber was
cut and made into charcoal) of Allen's creek in 1898. An
additional article has been submitted by Pattie Jean Davis Hedge
and is listed after this account by R. C. Spann.
R. C. Spann, worked
in the General Merchandise Store from 1919 to 1921. At that
time, there were eight clerks. The eight were W. H. Walker,
Dickson; Hollis Nutt, Riverside; Harry Helton, Waynesboro; Oakley
Staggs, Lyles; Cazy Tatum, Linden; Buy Craig, Lobelville; Eddie
Wilburn, Lobelville; and R. C. Spann, Riverside.
At the beginning of
Riverside, 1893, there was a general Merchandise Store, owned by Coble
and Son until purchased by H. N. Mann in 1895. In the year
1902 there was a railroad from North Riverside to what is known as
Perry Hollow where there was an Iron Ore Washer and where ten families
lived.
The ore was brought
down and shipped up to Allen's Creek, a distance of about four miles,
where this washer continued to operate until 1913. There was
an Iron Ore Washer about one mile south of North Riverside, which was
called Warner Hill. This ore was shipped out to Cumberland
Furnace in Dickson county.
About the year 1889,
the railroad from Hohenwald, was extended to Allen's Creek. It was
called a narrow gauge and frequently used. The Allen's Creek mines were
opened in 1890 by the southern Iron Company of Nashville and was worked
until 1892. the mines remained idle until 1895, at which time the
property was sold to the Buffalo Iron Company of Nashville. This
company mined the property from October, 1895 until July, 1902. Shortly
thereafter, the property was acquired by the Bon Air Coal and Iron
Company which operated the mines until April, 1913. Mining was resumed
in January, 1916 by the receivers of the Bon Air Coal and Iron Company
and continued by them until June 15, 1917, when they sold it to the
reformed bon Air coal and Iron Corporation. This company operated the
mine for several years and then became a part of the Tennessee Products
Corporation in about 1923
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Approximately two
million tons of iron
ore have been mined in the Allen's Creek area, most of which was
smelted in local blast furnaces to produce raw pig iron. The
iron
industry at Allen's Creek was of considerable economic importance to
the people of North Wayne County and South Lewis County, for more than
a quarter century. In the year 1917 to 1919 there were more
people at North Riverside, south Riverside, Warner Hill, and Allen's
Creek than there was at Hohenwald. In 1910, there was a depot
at
south Riverside and about six stores. The Church of Christ
was
built in North Riverside about 1902. The train bridge was
washed
out across Buffalo River in 1903. Dave Voorhies had just
walked
out on the bridge and back off before it washed
away.
In 1862 near Texas
bottom at Riverside, W. E. Voorhies after having rescued a fox from
dogs, met up with part of the Confederate army. After
answering several questions about the capture of the fox, the captain
asked Voorhies for the fox's tail. The tail was cut off and
given to the captain of the army. He was so interested in the
fox, that he forgot to induct Voorhies into the army, being the only
thing which saved Voorhies from being in the Civil war.
All food, horses and
other valuable things were kept hidden from the house for fear if found
the army would confiscate it. In 1850 to 1868 the night
riders were very bad up and down Buffalo river. Their
hide-out was on 48 Creek, which is known as Rock Courthouse.
The first Church of Christ at Mannie Furnace was a colored congregation
about the year 1892. About 1895 a white congregation was
established and met in a school house.
Around 1845 to 1860,
Texas bottom was filled with sugar trees. They were tapped in
the spring and cooked down. Three to three and a half pounds
of maple sugar could be made from a wash kettle full of
juice. This sugar was for ones own use.
At this writing there
is no store at Allen's Creek and South Riverside. At North
Riverside, Mann, Voorhies, and Adcox sold out to Marvin Patton and
wife, Irene, in the year 1937. This store had a very good
business through the years. In the year 1921, there was an
oil well drilled on the farm of H. N. Mann in North
Riverside. We drilled 1,300 feet. The money was put
up by a firm in Nashville for 1,200 feet. The last 100 feet
was never paid for. This well is capped off today.
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Glassy slag residue from
furnace
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Part of a mountain of slag
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Allen's creek is in the
Southern portion of Lewis County. Allen's creek and Riverside
was an important part of the county as the industry there supplied work
for several hundred people. It's inhabitants were
prominent in the social and political affairs of Lewis
County. Many Lewis Countians today are direct descendents and
their industrious and friendly nature is still evident.
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The next article was prepared by Patty Jean Davis Hedge for a historical book published by the Lewis
County Historical Society.
Allen's creek is located in Southwestern Lewis County, Tennessee.
Although best known as and remembered as Allen's Creek, it
was first called Mannie Furnace, for the iron ore Furnaces located
there. Later, it became Ruppertown, named for Jake Ruppert,
of the Bon Air Coal and Air Corp.
Mining began in the area in 1891, by Southern Iron Company of Alabama.
Southern Iron had built an extension track from
N.C.&St.L. Railroad ending in Aetna, Hickman county, to Mannie.
In September, 1892, the Nashville, Chattanooga and St. Louis
Railway purchased this section of line from Southern Iron, Starting
regular runs into the area to ship the output of the furnaces.
Two furnaces, known as Mannie Furnace No. 1 and Mannie Furnace No. 2,
were erected in 1892 to smelt the ore from the nearby mines.
Succeeding the Southern Iron Company, the operators of these
furnaces were the Buffalo Iron Company, the Bon Air Coal and iron
company, and the Bon Air Coal and Iron Corporation. Charcoal
was
used in the furnaces from 1892 until 1900, when the use of coke was
substituted.
Allen's Creek was a mining town, growing up and around the extensive
mining operations there, and complete with a company store.
The Allen's Creek mines were among the largest producers in
the iron producing belt of Middle Tennessee. At the peak of
it's mining operations, Allen's creek consisted of several stores, a
drug store, a church, a school and a lodge. In time, 1,200
houses surrounded the mines, in the hills and hollows.
Some familiar names were the Milam/Davis family, Bryant, Bell,
Christian, Arnold, Scott, Jones, Staggs, Blankenship, Brewer, Payton,
Rich, Bragg, Lewis, Murrell. The children of these and other
families attended Ruppertown, later Allen's creek, school. A
few of the teachers over this period of time were Lucille Nichols,
Thelma Bloom Patton, Eleanor Humphreys Brasfield, Annie and AVe
Stockard, Ernest Rasbury.
During it's operation, at times, two 12-hour shifts, about two million
tons of iron ore were mined, hauled out of the mines to the furnace by
a small train, called a "Dinky." Unable to compete with the
growing steel industry, the Allen's creek mines closed in 1923.
The furnace was dismantled in 1936, and the railroad tracks
removed in 1942. An effort was made in the early 1930's to
re-open the mines. It proved unsuccessful. All who
had depended on the mines and the furnace as well as the railroad were
forced to move away in order to find other jobs.
Although Allen's creek, the community, no longer exists, in the hearts
and minds of all those who live, worked and played there, Allen's
creek, Tennessee, is still "home". All we have to do to see
it again is close our eyes, remember, and smile.
by
Patty
Jean Davis Hedge
See related article "Development of the Iron
Industry"
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